Improved Differential Energy Watermarking for Embedding Watermark

Digital watermarking is increasingly demanded for protecting or verifying the original image ownership. In this paper, we propose an improved differential energy watermarking using adaptive differential energy watermarking (ADEW) with cross binding wavelet tree (CBWT). The ADEW embeds a secret bit string which is obtained by the error correction code (ECC). Thus, the proposed method not only takes advantage of the ADEW’s error resilience but corrects a secret bit string by using ECC after error occurrence. Through experiments, we compare the proposed method with conventional DEW approaches and the proposed method shows the appropriateness for robust watermarking.